Dynamics of Communal Conflict Between Villages in Sigi: Triggering and Escalation Factors

Abstract

Communal conflicts between villages in Indonesia are still frequent, not only triggered by interpersonal and identity issues, but also exacerbated by structural vulnerabilities and digital communication dynamics. This article analyzes the dynamics of communal conflict between Binangga and Padende Villages in Sigi Regency, Central Sulawesi, focusing on the triggers and escalation processes that turn interpersonal disputes into large-scale group conflicts involving sub-ethnic identities. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach, with data collected through in-depth interviews, non-participant observations, and document analysis. The results of the study show that the conflict was triggered by incidents of teenagers who were considered to be violating local norms, then spread rapidly due to the mobilization of sub-ethnic sentiments between Topo Ledo and Topo Da'a and the dissemination of provocative messages through SMS. Structural factors, such as weak local leadership, youth unemployment, alcohol consumption, and unresolved historical problems, have also muddied the situation. The study concludes that a combination of micro-triggers, digital media influences, and structural conditions creates a vulnerable environment where small incidents can turn into sustained communal violence. The implication is that conflict resolution efforts in rural Indonesia not only require a cultural approach, but also the strengthening of local governance and digital literacy.